南国薏米

南国不须收薏苡，百年终竟是芭蕉。

0%

Elastic Stack 实战之 Kibana 初体验

发表于 更新于 分类于 阅读次数： 1
本文字数： 13k 阅读时长 ≈ 12 分钟
在前面已经安装好了 Elasticsearch 和 Logstash，今天就来 Kibana 进行一下初步体验。

【前面的话】在前面已经安装好了 Elasticsearch 和 Logstash，今天就来 Kibana 进行一下初步体验。

壹、软件版本

1
2
3
4
5
6
Centos：CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1908
VM: 15.5.0 build-14665864
Java: 1.8.0_211
Elasticsearch: elasticsearch-7.6.0
Logstash: logstash-7.6.0
Kibana: kibana-7.6.0

贰、Kibana 介绍

Kibana是了解 Elastic Stack 的窗口。

通过 Kibana，您可以对自己的 Elasticsearch 进行可视化，还可以在 Elastic Stack 中进行导航，这样您便可以进行各种操作了，从跟踪查询负载，到理解请求如何流经您的整个应用，都能轻松完成。

可视化和分析： Kibana 让您能够自由地选择如何呈现自己的数据，一张图片胜过千万行日志，可以用下面几个特点来阐述：

  • 基本内容： Kibana 核心产品搭载了一批经典功能：柱状图、线状图、饼图、旭日图，等等。当然啦，您还可以搜索自己的所有文档。

  • 位置分析： 借助 Elastic Maps，探索位置数据，还可以获得创意并对定制图层和矢量形状进行可视化。

  • 时间序列： 借助精选的时序数据 UI，对您 Elasticsearch 中的数据执行高级时间序列分析。您可以利用功能强大、简单易学的表达式来描述查询、转换和可视化。

  • Machine Learning： 借助非监督型 Machine Learning 功能来检测隐藏在您 Elasticsearch 数据中的异常情况并探索那些对它们有显著影响的属性。

  • 图表和网络： 凭借搜索引擎的相关性功能，结合 Graph 关联分析，揭示您 Elasticsearch 数据中极其常见的关系。

叁、Kibana 安装

3.1 下载地址

kibana-7.6.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

3.2 解压 kibana-7.6.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

script
1
tar -zvxf kibana-7.6.0-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/elastic

3.3 kibana 配置说明

默认配置配置不需要改，下面给出一个最小的配置

script
1
2
3
server.port: 5601 #浏览器访问端口
server.host: "192.168.237.11"  #对外的服务地址
elasticsearch.hosts: ["http://192.168.237.11:9200"] #这里为你的elasticsearch集群的地址

肆、Kibana 简单使用

4.1 启动 Elasticsearch

首先我门要启动 Elasticsearch，不然 Kibana 没有数据来源。同时检查是否启动成功，如下图

4.2 启动 Kibana

script
1
2
[iio@192 bin]$ ./kibana

然后观察日志

script
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
log   [13:27:27.338] [info][plugins-service] Plugin "case" is disabled.
log   [13:27:33.648] [info][plugins-system] Setting up [37] plugins: [licensing,taskManager,siem,code,infra,encryptedSavedObjects,usageCollection,metrics,canvas,timelion,features,security,apm_oss,translations,reporting,uiActions,data,navigation,newsfeed,share,status_page,home,spaces,cloud,apm,graph,bfetch,kibana_legacy,management,dev_tools,eui_utils,inspector,expressions,visualizations,embeddable,advancedUiActions,dashboard_embeddable_container]
log   [13:27:33.650] [info][licensing][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.652] [info][plugins][taskManager] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.667] [info][plugins][siem] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.667] [info][code][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.668] [info][infra][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.670] [info][encryptedSavedObjects][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.671] [warning][config][encryptedSavedObjects][plugins] Generating a random key for xpack.encryptedSavedObjects.encryptionKey. To be able to decrypt encrypted saved objects attributes after restart, please set xpack.encryptedSavedObjects.encryptionKey in kibana.yml
log   [13:27:33.677] [info][plugins][usageCollection] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.679] [info][metrics][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.680] [info][canvas][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.687] [info][plugins][timelion] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.689] [info][features][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.690] [info][plugins][security] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.691] [warning][config][plugins][security] Generating a random key for xpack.security.encryptionKey. To prevent sessions from being invalidated on restart, please set xpack.security.encryptionKey in kibana.yml
log   [13:27:33.691] [warning][config][plugins][security] Session cookies will be transmitted over insecure connections. This is not recommended.
log   [13:27:33.714] [info][apm_oss][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.715] [info][plugins][translations] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.715] [info][data][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.722] [info][plugins][share] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.724] [info][home][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.730] [info][plugins][spaces] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.736] [info][cloud][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.738] [info][apm][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.915] [info][graph][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.921] [info][bfetch][plugins] Setting up plugin
log   [13:27:33.933] [info][savedobjects-service] Waiting until all Elasticsearch nodes are compatible with Kibana before starting saved objects migrations...
log   [13:27:33.933] [info][savedobjects-service] Starting saved objects migrations
log   [13:27:34.115] [info][plugins-system] Starting [22] plugins: [licensing,taskManager,siem,code,infra,encryptedSavedObjects,usageCollection,metrics,canvas,timelion,features,security,apm_oss,translations,data,share,home,spaces,cloud,apm,graph,bfetch]
log   [13:27:40.328] [info][status][plugin:kibana@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.346] [info][status][plugin:elasticsearch@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to yellow - Waiting for Elasticsearch
log   [13:27:40.348] [info][status][plugin:elasticsearch@7.6.0] Status changed from yellow to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.358] [info][status][plugin:xpack_main@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.392] [info][status][plugin:graph@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.426] [info][kibana-monitoring][monitoring] Starting monitoring stats collection
log   [13:27:40.430] [info][status][plugin:monitoring@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.471] [info][status][plugin:spaces@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.507] [info][status][plugin:security@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.543] [info][status][plugin:searchprofiler@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.557] [info][status][plugin:ml@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.807] [info][status][plugin:tilemap@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.812] [info][status][plugin:watcher@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.836] [info][status][plugin:grokdebugger@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.856] [info][status][plugin:dashboard_mode@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.863] [info][status][plugin:logstash@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.891] [info][status][plugin:beats_management@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:40.958] [info][status][plugin:apm_oss@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.000] [info][status][plugin:apm@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.071] [info][status][plugin:maps@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.083] [info][status][plugin:interpreter@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.122] [info][status][plugin:canvas@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.130] [info][status][plugin:license_management@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.141] [info][status][plugin:index_management@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.228] [info][status][plugin:console@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.238] [info][status][plugin:console_extensions@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.245] [info][status][plugin:index_lifecycle_management@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.286] [info][status][plugin:kuery_autocomplete@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.304] [info][status][plugin:metrics@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.425] [info][status][plugin:infra@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.437] [info][plugins][taskManager][taskManager] TaskManager is identified by the Kibana UUID: ce42b997-a913-4d58-be46-bb1937feedd6
log   [13:27:41.441] [info][status][plugin:task_manager@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.448] [info][status][plugin:rollup@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.547] [info][status][plugin:transform@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.555] [info][status][plugin:encryptedSavedObjects@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.605] [info][status][plugin:actions@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.677] [info][status][plugin:alerting@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.853] [info][status][plugin:siem@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.868] [info][status][plugin:remote_clusters@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.876] [info][status][plugin:cross_cluster_replication@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.937] [info][status][plugin:upgrade_assistant@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:41.994] [info][status][plugin:uptime@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.006] [info][status][plugin:oss_telemetry@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.022] [info][status][plugin:file_upload@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.032] [info][status][plugin:data@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.067] [info][status][plugin:lens@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.136] [info][status][plugin:snapshot_restore@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.151] [info][status][plugin:input_control_vis@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.164] [info][status][plugin:navigation@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.169] [info][status][plugin:management@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.174] [info][status][plugin:kibana_react@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.178] [info][status][plugin:region_map@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.217] [info][status][plugin:telemetry@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.226] [info][status][plugin:metric_vis@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.230] [info][status][plugin:markdown_vis@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.399] [info][status][plugin:timelion@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.403] [info][status][plugin:ui_metric@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.406] [info][status][plugin:tagcloud@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.410] [info][status][plugin:table_vis@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.414] [info][status][plugin:vega@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:42.421] [warning][browser-driver][reporting] Enabling the Chromium sandbox provides an additional layer of protection.
log   [13:27:44.878] [warning][reporting] Generating a random key for xpack.reporting.encryptionKey. To prevent pending reports from failing on restart, please set xpack.reporting.encryptionKey in kibana.yml
log   [13:27:44.888] [info][status][plugin:reporting@7.6.0] Status changed from uninitialized to green - Ready
log   [13:27:44.970] [info][listening] Server running at http://192.168.237.11:5601
log   [13:27:45.502] [info][server][Kibana][http] http server running at http://192.168.237.11:5601
log   [13:27:45.549] [error][reporting] The Reporting plugin encountered issues launching Chromium in a self-test. You may have trouble generating reports.
log   [13:27:45.549] [error][reporting] ErrorEvent {
target:
 WebSocket {
   _events:
    [Object: null prototype] { open: [Function], error: [Function] },
   _eventsCount: 2,
   _maxListeners: undefined,
   readyState: 3,
   protocol: '',
   _binaryType: 'nodebuffer',
   _closeFrameReceived: false,
   _closeFrameSent: false,
   _closeMessage: '',
   _closeTimer: null,
   _closeCode: 1006,
   _extensions: {},
   _receiver: null,
   _sender: null,
   _socket: null,
   _isServer: false,
   _redirects: 0,
   url:
    'ws://127.0.0.1:44598/devtools/browser/cde91cb8-faad-4730-9d12-57c1e8ffd49a',
   _req: null },
type: 'error',
message: 'connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:44598',
error:
 { Error: connect ECONNREFUSED 127.0.0.1:44598
     at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (net.js:1107:14)
   errno: 'ECONNREFUSED',
   code: 'ECONNREFUSED',
   syscall: 'connect',
   address: '127.0.0.1',
   port: 44598 } }
log   [13:27:45.557] [warning][reporting] See Chromium's log output at "/usr/elastic/kibana/data/headless_shell-linux/chrome_debug.log"
log   [13:27:45.559] [warning][reporting] Reporting plugin self-check generated a warning: Error: Could not close browser client handle!

4.3 浏览器访问

下面我们继续操作，利用搭建 Elasticsearch 的时候添加的数据做一个可视化图表出来





我们可以看到已经利用数据做出了一个柱饼图了，下面就再美化以下，得到最终结果

另外我们还可以保存分享

然后我们还可以使用一下 Kibana 的开发工具，给 eelve 新加一条数据


然后再刷新图表，可以看到数据会产生相应的变化

也就是说如果数据是实时变化的话，这边的图表也会跟着变化。

伍、Kibana 特性

  • 良好的控制访问权限：通过 Kibana Spaces 整理您的仪表板和可视化。通过基于角色的访问控制，邀请用户访问某些空间（但不允许访问其他空间），让他们能够查看特定内容并使用特定功能。

有时您只想对某个文件进行 tail 操作。您可能希望跟踪自己网站的运行状态。或者您可能希望查看分布式痕迹。通过 Kibana 内置应用，例如 Logs、Infrastructure、APM、Uptime 以及其他应用，无需离开 Kibana，便能轻松完成这一切。

【后面的话】利用 Kibana 我们可以做出炫酷的符合业务且满足客户可视化展示。并且 Kibana 本身都提供相当多数量的各种图标模板，通过各种图标的组合可以轻松的开发一个属于我们自己的大屏。另外我们需要注意的是，我们应该根据我们的数据的特点选择合适的图表进行展示，这样可以是我们的图表显得更美观。今天只是体验了 Kibana 的部分功能，后续的其他功能，将配合 Beats 进行体验。